Very, very isolated

Smack in the middle of the country, geographically. But so far from the mainstream every other way - economically, socially, politically. Here's half a million people living in the middle of nowhere of China. I was surprised to read that (a) Islam is thriving and (b) in many towns in this area, not a single Chinese or Chinese-speaking people lives!

China, like every other big country, is a study in contrasts. Seems like we are yet to figure out how to take the whole country forward, and not just the big bling-bling cities. In fact, you don't have to go to middle of the mountains in China to see poverty like that. About a mile from Washington, DC, if you head in a south easterly direction, you will be transported to a whole new planet. Or hop on a plane from DC to Bombay; walk out of the airport. You'll see the infamous slums of Bombay.

Deep in China, a Poor and Pious Muslim Enclave - New York Times